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Plymouth oil bibliography supplement
Marine Pollution Bulletin
are affected by tides, temperature anomalies, and ocean currents - may provide the basis from which we can tell exactly what we are observing.
Change of Tune on the Seabed Attending the continuation of the Law of the Sea Conference in Geneva, Mr David Ermals, Minister of State at the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, gave a warning that the consequences of failure (this time round) would lead to sea-grabbing on the scale of the nineteenth century land-grabbing by colonial powers. He said that there had been some real progress at the conference, which began on 18 March and continued until 10 May, but “if agreement is to be reached on the main issues there must be a greater sense of urgency”. Britain seems to have changed her tune on the subject of deep-sea mining. In view of the pressure from the Third World, Mr EM& told a news conference, Britain now favoured joint ventures between the proposed International Seabed Authority and the states or fums concerned. In Caracas last summer, together with Japan, USA. and other EEC countries, Britain had taken the line that seabed mining should be undertaken exclusively by states or private enterprise under licence from the proposed authority. To speed compromise, Britain was also prepared to “look seriously” at the idea of sharing with the international community revenues fsom mineral exploitation between the outer edge of the proposed 200~mile exclusively economic zone and the outer limit of the continental shelf margin.
Life Found under Antarctic Ice By fishing in a large Antarctic proglacial lake, permanently covered with ice, two members of the British Antarctic Survey claim to have obtained the fust direct evidence of a biome under the Antarctic ice shelf at least 100 km from the open sea. The possibility that life could exist at such great distances from the open sea under the permanent ice shelves that fringe areas of this vast continent is currently receiving a lot of attention, particularly in view of the Ross Ice Shelf Project of the American National Academy of Sciences, which aims to drill through 500 m ice thick at a site 450 km from the ice front in the Ross Sea. Drs Heywood and Light of Monks Wood Experimental Station carried out a limnological survey during the summer of 1973-74 between latitudes 70” 48’S and 71” 20’S on the west coast of Alexander Island. The catch from the lake, in Ablation Valley on King George VI Sound, was comprised of four specimens of a common Antarctic marine benthic fish, Trematomus bernacchii. The lake is over 117 m deep, and ice from the Sound extends into the lake at a depth of about 70 m. It is at just this depth that the salinity of the lake increases, indicating that the saline layer is in direct contact with the seawater of the Sound. The fish were caught in a trap lying in 70 m of water, using seal meat as bait. An analysis of the stomach contents 84
indicated that the fish had fed recently on Crustacea, and the contents also consisted of remains of nekzonic, planktonic and benthic organisms. A calanoid copepod, Pseudoboeckella sp. has colonized the upper freshwater layer but this was not contained in the stomach. This is not surprising since the fish showed signs of acute distress when brought to the surface, indicating that they were not adapted to freshwater. However, a cyclopoid copepod was collected below 40 m from more saline water. Presumably these copepods, not yet identified, are more numerous at greater depths. The two fishermen suggest ways of finding the ones that got away. There are two areas along the eastern shore of the Sound where the ice is fB.sured and seawater lies within a metre of the ice surface. By working through these ‘holes’ further information might be gleaned on the nature of the biorpe.
Plymouth Oil Bibliography Supplement In September 1971 the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom published A Bibliography on Marine and Estuarine Oil Pollution, compiled by D. S. Moulder and A. Varley. It contained references to 1073 papers and reports published since 1866, the date of the earliest known scientific paper on marine oil pollution. Since 1971 the Mar&e Pollution Information Centre at Plymouth has continued to collect references on oil pollution, and a supplement to the original bibliography is now available. The supplement contains a further 12OOt references, a measure of the growth of the literature in recent years. The arrangement of the supplement is similar to the original bibliography, in about 30-40 subject sections, with an author index. Papers on legal and economic aspects have been excluded, as have papers on seabirds. Orders should be sent to the Marine Pollution Information Centre, Marine Biological Association, Citadel Hill, Plymouth, Devon,UX. (Price 0.00, airmail postage extra) Copies of the original bibliography are still available (Price 23.00, airmail postage extra).
Little Pollution on Thai Coast Two Hamburg fishery biologists, Dr Edith Huschenbeth and Dr Uwe Harms have been examining organochlorine pesticide, PCB and heavy metal concentrations in fish and shellfish from coastal waters of Thailand. 819 samples from a wide variety of fish, four genera of crustaceans and three genera of molluscs were analysed. Pesticides and PCBs were present in concentrations an order of magnitude less than in North Sea fish and comparable to concentrations in mid-Atlantic fish. Metals were present in similar concentrations to those in fish from the North Sea and more distant waters. Reporting in the Archiv jtir Fischereiwissenschaft, the authors suggest that there is no need to mount an expensive monitoring programme on the accumulation of these pollutants in Thai marine fish at present. It would be sufficient to review the situation again in a few years time.
are affected by tides, temperature anomalies, and ocean currents - may provide the basis from which we can tell exactly what we are observing.
Change of Tune on the Seabed Attending the continuation of the Law of the Sea Conference in Geneva, Mr David Ermals, Minister of State at the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, gave a warning that the consequences of failure (this time round) would lead to sea-grabbing on the scale of the nineteenth century land-grabbing by colonial powers. He said that there had been some real progress at the conference, which began on 18 March and continued until 10 May, but “if agreement is to be reached on the main issues there must be a greater sense of urgency”. Britain seems to have changed her tune on the subject of deep-sea mining. In view of the pressure from the Third World, Mr EM& told a news conference, Britain now favoured joint ventures between the proposed International Seabed Authority and the states or fums concerned. In Caracas last summer, together with Japan, USA. and other EEC countries, Britain had taken the line that seabed mining should be undertaken exclusively by states or private enterprise under licence from the proposed authority. To speed compromise, Britain was also prepared to “look seriously” at the idea of sharing with the international community revenues fsom mineral exploitation between the outer edge of the proposed 200~mile exclusively economic zone and the outer limit of the continental shelf margin.
Life Found under Antarctic Ice By fishing in a large Antarctic proglacial lake, permanently covered with ice, two members of the British Antarctic Survey claim to have obtained the fust direct evidence of a biome under the Antarctic ice shelf at least 100 km from the open sea. The possibility that life could exist at such great distances from the open sea under the permanent ice shelves that fringe areas of this vast continent is currently receiving a lot of attention, particularly in view of the Ross Ice Shelf Project of the American National Academy of Sciences, which aims to drill through 500 m ice thick at a site 450 km from the ice front in the Ross Sea. Drs Heywood and Light of Monks Wood Experimental Station carried out a limnological survey during the summer of 1973-74 between latitudes 70” 48’S and 71” 20’S on the west coast of Alexander Island. The catch from the lake, in Ablation Valley on King George VI Sound, was comprised of four specimens of a common Antarctic marine benthic fish, Trematomus bernacchii. The lake is over 117 m deep, and ice from the Sound extends into the lake at a depth of about 70 m. It is at just this depth that the salinity of the lake increases, indicating that the saline layer is in direct contact with the seawater of the Sound. The fish were caught in a trap lying in 70 m of water, using seal meat as bait. An analysis of the stomach contents 84
indicated that the fish had fed recently on Crustacea, and the contents also consisted of remains of nekzonic, planktonic and benthic organisms. A calanoid copepod, Pseudoboeckella sp. has colonized the upper freshwater layer but this was not contained in the stomach. This is not surprising since the fish showed signs of acute distress when brought to the surface, indicating that they were not adapted to freshwater. However, a cyclopoid copepod was collected below 40 m from more saline water. Presumably these copepods, not yet identified, are more numerous at greater depths. The two fishermen suggest ways of finding the ones that got away. There are two areas along the eastern shore of the Sound where the ice is fB.sured and seawater lies within a metre of the ice surface. By working through these ‘holes’ further information might be gleaned on the nature of the biorpe.
Plymouth Oil Bibliography Supplement In September 1971 the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom published A Bibliography on Marine and Estuarine Oil Pollution, compiled by D. S. Moulder and A. Varley. It contained references to 1073 papers and reports published since 1866, the date of the earliest known scientific paper on marine oil pollution. Since 1971 the Mar&e Pollution Information Centre at Plymouth has continued to collect references on oil pollution, and a supplement to the original bibliography is now available. The supplement contains a further 12OOt references, a measure of the growth of the literature in recent years. The arrangement of the supplement is similar to the original bibliography, in about 30-40 subject sections, with an author index. Papers on legal and economic aspects have been excluded, as have papers on seabirds. Orders should be sent to the Marine Pollution Information Centre, Marine Biological Association, Citadel Hill, Plymouth, Devon,UX. (Price 0.00, airmail postage extra) Copies of the original bibliography are still available (Price 23.00, airmail postage extra).
Little Pollution on Thai Coast Two Hamburg fishery biologists, Dr Edith Huschenbeth and Dr Uwe Harms have been examining organochlorine pesticide, PCB and heavy metal concentrations in fish and shellfish from coastal waters of Thailand. 819 samples from a wide variety of fish, four genera of crustaceans and three genera of molluscs were analysed. Pesticides and PCBs were present in concentrations an order of magnitude less than in North Sea fish and comparable to concentrations in mid-Atlantic fish. Metals were present in similar concentrations to those in fish from the North Sea and more distant waters. Reporting in the Archiv jtir Fischereiwissenschaft, the authors suggest that there is no need to mount an expensive monitoring programme on the accumulation of these pollutants in Thai marine fish at present. It would be sufficient to review the situation again in a few years time.