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Tunnel lining design — do the theories work?
120A renamed t~pes of instruments are being used to monitor the excavation.support system for any movement. They include pressure cells and convergence pins.
863337 Drivage system for non-negotiable tunnels (In German and
English) Zell. S Tunnel V4. Nm" 1985. P228-234 A new, two-step procedure for small diameter pipe drivage in difficult ground is described. During the first stage, 2m long, 0.86m o.d steel pipes are thrust behind a drilling head. An ultra-long steel pipe articulated shield is produced. In the second stage, the product pipe. which can be of any suitable material or internal configuration, but of the same o.d as the steel pipe, is introduced. The first section is attached to the last steel pipe section and the driving jacks used to thrust this forward. A steel pipe section is removed from the reception pit and can be re-used. Case studies are presented.
863338 Realistic dimensioning of tunnel tubbings (In German and English) Herzog, S Tunnel N4. Not: 1985. P248-253 A simple and explicit method is proposed for calculating dimensions for sectional tunnel linings. The basic static problems, effects of primary and secondary stresses, and failure mechanisms of concrete and steel segments are examined. Measurements from tunnels in Germany are used to demonstrate that the current tubbing cross sections can be reduced with consequent savings in materials and easier assembly because of lower section dead weights.
863339 Mt Lebanon Tunnel - NATM comes to America Daly, W F; Abramson. L W Tunn Technoi Newsl N49. March 1985. PI-I I The Me. Lebanon tunnel was the first tunnel constructed in the US using the contractual practices typical of the New Austrian Tunnelling Method. A brief account is given of the physical and structural geology, and the engineering geology evaluation. Two alternative designs, the "conventional' and NATM, are described in detail.
863340 Quenching Naple's thirst by milking a mountain Wallis, S Tunn Tunnig V17, .VII. Not' 1985, P35-39 A 50kin aqueduct being driven through the mountains behind Naples in Southern Italy passed through a variety of geological conditions, mainly limestone of reasonably homogeneous nature, but with fractured rock with clay intrusions, and with permeable rock containing vast quantities of water. A tunnel boring machine, a modified roadheader, and conventional drill and blast have been used as conditions dictate. Particular problems arose in one area being driven full face through limestone by drill and blast, when a zone of plastic clay was encountered and convergences of up to 20cm/24h occurred. The regular shotcrete, wire mesh and steel arch support was insufficient to provide support and Swellex bolts and arches were eventually installed to withstand the loads on the walls.
863341 Submarine tunnelling in poor rock Carlsson. A: Olsson. T: Stille, H Tunn Tunnlg I'17. N12. Dec 1985. P-'.'--'5 Four tunnels constructed for the Forsmark nuclear po~er st::tion on the east coast of S~,eden. and its waste repos~tor,,, intersect the Singo fauh,a regional zone of tectonic disturbance about 200m ~ide. whose properties vat? from intact rock to heavily fractured water bearing rock in local zones of ~veakness. The tunnels v,ere driven b~ drill and blast. The site investigation, field measurements, h~drogeologicat measurements, and temporary and permanent support requirements for the project are described.
863342 Tunnel lining design - flo the theories work? Schmidt, B Proc 4th Australia-New Zealand Conference on Geomechanics, Perth, Western Australia, 14-18 May 1984 V2, P682-693. Pub/Barton." lnst of Engineers, 1984 It is concluded after discussion that although rational analyses, such as those provided by reasonable structural or continuum mechanics models, should not be ignored, the most successful tunnel lining design is one that properly considers practicality of construction as well as the final functional requirement of the tunnel.
863M3 Uplift of tunnels and pipes in soft clay Sinclair, T J E: Andrews, D C Proc 4th Australia-New Zealand Conference on Geomecttanics, Perth, Western Australia, 14-18 ~klay 1984 V2, P694-698. Publ Barton: Inst of Engineers. 1984 The potential for uplift on shallow tunnels and large diameter pipes in soft clay is examined. Methods of evaluating the uplift force and resistance to uplift are presented using both a simplified approach and a computerised numerical model. The formulae for the simplified approach are derived and the large strain, finite-difference numerical model is described. Results are compared and a discussion on the limitations of the assumption and methods of analysis is presented.
863344 Scheduled removal of railway tunnel Truscott, E G; Davidson, I G F Proe 4th Australia-New Zealamt Cmtference on Geomeeham'cs, Perth, Western Austrah'a, 14-18 34ay 1984 V2. P699-703. Publ Barton: Inst of Engineers. 1984 In the duplication of the railway line from Blackwater to Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia, economic studies showed that a hundred year old, sandstone masonry lined tunnel should be replaced by an open cut. Detailed studies consisting of field investigations, finite element analyses, economic analyses and construction planning were undertaken to determine the most economic alternative that would lead to an acceptable delay to train traffic, as this line carries coal. A description of the design and construction aspects of the work are presented.
C 1986 Pergamon Press Ltd. Reproduction not permitted
863337 Drivage system for non-negotiable tunnels (In German and
English) Zell. S Tunnel V4. Nm" 1985. P228-234 A new, two-step procedure for small diameter pipe drivage in difficult ground is described. During the first stage, 2m long, 0.86m o.d steel pipes are thrust behind a drilling head. An ultra-long steel pipe articulated shield is produced. In the second stage, the product pipe. which can be of any suitable material or internal configuration, but of the same o.d as the steel pipe, is introduced. The first section is attached to the last steel pipe section and the driving jacks used to thrust this forward. A steel pipe section is removed from the reception pit and can be re-used. Case studies are presented.
863338 Realistic dimensioning of tunnel tubbings (In German and English) Herzog, S Tunnel N4. Not: 1985. P248-253 A simple and explicit method is proposed for calculating dimensions for sectional tunnel linings. The basic static problems, effects of primary and secondary stresses, and failure mechanisms of concrete and steel segments are examined. Measurements from tunnels in Germany are used to demonstrate that the current tubbing cross sections can be reduced with consequent savings in materials and easier assembly because of lower section dead weights.
863339 Mt Lebanon Tunnel - NATM comes to America Daly, W F; Abramson. L W Tunn Technoi Newsl N49. March 1985. PI-I I The Me. Lebanon tunnel was the first tunnel constructed in the US using the contractual practices typical of the New Austrian Tunnelling Method. A brief account is given of the physical and structural geology, and the engineering geology evaluation. Two alternative designs, the "conventional' and NATM, are described in detail.
863340 Quenching Naple's thirst by milking a mountain Wallis, S Tunn Tunnig V17, .VII. Not' 1985, P35-39 A 50kin aqueduct being driven through the mountains behind Naples in Southern Italy passed through a variety of geological conditions, mainly limestone of reasonably homogeneous nature, but with fractured rock with clay intrusions, and with permeable rock containing vast quantities of water. A tunnel boring machine, a modified roadheader, and conventional drill and blast have been used as conditions dictate. Particular problems arose in one area being driven full face through limestone by drill and blast, when a zone of plastic clay was encountered and convergences of up to 20cm/24h occurred. The regular shotcrete, wire mesh and steel arch support was insufficient to provide support and Swellex bolts and arches were eventually installed to withstand the loads on the walls.
863341 Submarine tunnelling in poor rock Carlsson. A: Olsson. T: Stille, H Tunn Tunnlg I'17. N12. Dec 1985. P-'.'--'5 Four tunnels constructed for the Forsmark nuclear po~er st::tion on the east coast of S~,eden. and its waste repos~tor,,, intersect the Singo fauh,a regional zone of tectonic disturbance about 200m ~ide. whose properties vat? from intact rock to heavily fractured water bearing rock in local zones of ~veakness. The tunnels v,ere driven b~ drill and blast. The site investigation, field measurements, h~drogeologicat measurements, and temporary and permanent support requirements for the project are described.
863342 Tunnel lining design - flo the theories work? Schmidt, B Proc 4th Australia-New Zealand Conference on Geomechanics, Perth, Western Australia, 14-18 May 1984 V2, P682-693. Pub/Barton." lnst of Engineers, 1984 It is concluded after discussion that although rational analyses, such as those provided by reasonable structural or continuum mechanics models, should not be ignored, the most successful tunnel lining design is one that properly considers practicality of construction as well as the final functional requirement of the tunnel.
863M3 Uplift of tunnels and pipes in soft clay Sinclair, T J E: Andrews, D C Proc 4th Australia-New Zealand Conference on Geomecttanics, Perth, Western Australia, 14-18 ~klay 1984 V2, P694-698. Publ Barton: Inst of Engineers. 1984 The potential for uplift on shallow tunnels and large diameter pipes in soft clay is examined. Methods of evaluating the uplift force and resistance to uplift are presented using both a simplified approach and a computerised numerical model. The formulae for the simplified approach are derived and the large strain, finite-difference numerical model is described. Results are compared and a discussion on the limitations of the assumption and methods of analysis is presented.
863344 Scheduled removal of railway tunnel Truscott, E G; Davidson, I G F Proe 4th Australia-New Zealamt Cmtference on Geomeeham'cs, Perth, Western Austrah'a, 14-18 34ay 1984 V2. P699-703. Publ Barton: Inst of Engineers. 1984 In the duplication of the railway line from Blackwater to Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia, economic studies showed that a hundred year old, sandstone masonry lined tunnel should be replaced by an open cut. Detailed studies consisting of field investigations, finite element analyses, economic analyses and construction planning were undertaken to determine the most economic alternative that would lead to an acceptable delay to train traffic, as this line carries coal. A description of the design and construction aspects of the work are presented.
C 1986 Pergamon Press Ltd. Reproduction not permitted